Skincare is a crucial step in maintaining the health and beauty of the skin. However, With the overwhelming variety of skincare products and advice available, many people feel confused about where to start and how to establish an effective routine.

This article will introduce the basic principles of skincare from the perspective of the skin's structure and functions and address some common misconceptions to help you establish a scientific skincare routine.

The Structure and Function of the Skin

To understand the necessity of skincare, it is essential to know the structure and function of the skin. The skin is the body's largest organ and consists of three primary layers:

1. Epidermis: The outermost layer that serves as a barrier and provides protection. The outermost part of the epidermis, the stratum corneum, is composed of dead keratinocytes that can resist pollutants and UV damage from the external environment.

2. Dermis: The middle layer, containing collagen, elastin, and a rich supply of blood vessels and nerves. The dermis provides support and elasticity to the skin and is crucial for hydration because it holds a large amount of water and essential nutrients.

3. Hypodermis: The innermost layer, primarily composed of fat and connective tissue, provides insulation and protection to internal organs.

The main functions of the skin include preventing harmful substances from entering the body, regulating body temperature, sensing the external environment (such as touch and pain), and preventing water loss. Therefore, maintaining healthy skin is fundamental to protecting the body from external harm and sustaining its functions.

Basic Principles of Skincare

The main objective of skincare is to preserve the integrity and function of the skin barrier, helping it resist external irritants and damage to keep the skin healthy and radiant. Generally, skincare can be divided into the following basic steps:

1. Cleansing: Cleansing is the essential first step in any skincare routine. The purpose is to remove dirt, sweat, excess oil, and makeup residues from the skin's surface. Choose mild, non-irritating cleansing products to avoid damage to the skin barrier caused by over-cleansing.

2. Moisturizing: Moisturizing is one of the key steps in skincare. The barrier function of the skin depends on an adequate amount of moisture; dehydrated skin is more likely to become dry, tight, and sensitive. Use skincare products containing moisturizing ingredients (such as glycerin, hyaluronic acid, and ceramides) to help the skin retain moisture and maintain a healthy barrier.

3. Sun Protection: UV radiation is one of the leading causes of skin aging and damage. Therefore, whether it's sunny or cloudy, always use a broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30 or above) to protect the skin from UV damage.

4. Treatment: Depending on personal skin concerns (such as acne, pigmentation, fine lines), choose appropriate targeted skincare products, such as antioxidants (vitamin C), anti-acne ingredients (salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide), or anti-aging ingredients (retinol, peptides).

Common Misconceptions

During skincare, many people fall into certain misconceptions due to misunderstandings or incorrect information. Here are some common misconceptions:

1. Frequent Exfoliation Makes Skin Smoother: Exfoliation can indeed remove dead skin cells and make the skin look smoother and more radiant. However, frequent exfoliation may damage the skin barrier, leading to sensitivity and dryness. Generally, exfoliating once or twice a week is recommended, especially for sensitive skin.

2. Oily Skin Doesn't Need Moisturizing: Many believe oily skin is sufficiently hydrated, but oily skin can still suffer from dehydration. Proper moisturizing can help oily skin restore water-oil balance, reducing excessive oil production.

3. Sunscreen is Only Needed on Sunny Days: UV radiation is present not only on sunny days; it can also cause skin damage on cloudy days or indoors. Therefore, sun protection is necessary even on days without sunshine.

4. The More Expensive the Skincare Product, the Better the Results: The effectiveness of skincare products mainly depends on their ingredients and formulations, not their price. Expensive skincare products are not necessarily more effective; the key is to find products that suit your skin type and needs.

Conclusion

Skincare is a long-term and continuous effort. The key is understanding the skin's structure and function while selecting suitable products and methods based on your skin’s specific needs.

By avoiding common skincare misconceptions and adopting a scientific approach to skincare, you can keep your skin healthy, smooth, and youthful. Remember, suitable skincare products and correct skincare steps are the keys to beautiful skin.